19/08/2016

The Guardian View On The Heatwave: Still Hope On Climate Change

The Guardian - Editorial

Ira Glass the radio show host says global warming may not be amusing or surprising but it is still the most important thing that's happening
Residents of Gonzales, Louisiana flee their homes after flooding on 16 August 2016. 'The link between short-term weather events and long-term changes in the climate may be tenuous, but it's just what the scientists warned about.' Photograph: Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images
The documentary broadcaster Ira Glass, the man behind the hit radio programme This American Life, is in Britain this week with his theatre show, Three Acts, Two Dancers, One Radio Host.
The production, a collaboration with the experimental dancers of Monica Bill Barnes & Company, puts storytelling and dance together in an improbable but, the reviews say, endearing and entertaining combination.
The dancers like to bring dance into places were no one expects it. Mr Glass does the same with documentary. The collaborators are united in wanting to tell serious stories in an engaging manner.
Not many subjects defeat Mr Glass's creativity.
But climate change, he admits, is beyond even his midas touch with a tale. "Any minute I'm not talking about climate change it's like I'm turning my back on the most important thing that's happening to us," he said recently.
The trouble with it is that it is "neither amusing nor surprising". It is "resistant to journalism".
He might have added that the news about climate change is rarely good, either. As most of the UK enjoys a brief August heatwave, Nasa has confirmed that July was the hottest month the world has experienced since records began.
Even in Britain, where most of the month was wet and cool and felt not very summery at all, it was by a narrow margin the warmest month in the past 130 years of record-keeping – and it was the 10th month in a row that a new high was set. Siberian permafrost is melting, releasing lethal anthrax bacteria from thawing reindeer carcasses into the environment. There are floods in southern Louisiana which have killed 11 people and in California thousands are fleeing from forest fires.
 The link between short-term weather events and long-term changes in the climate may be tenuous, but it's just what the scientists warned about.
Ever since the general election 15 months ago, too, the political climate has seemed as bleak as the weather has been warm; subsidies for renewables have been cut and incentives intended to encourage landowners to give permission for fracking expanded. Theresa May's restructuring of Whitehall closed down the Department of Energy and Climate Change.
Yet there are glimmers of optimism, too. Decc's critics argued that it was too small and too narrowly focused to be effective in the kind of territorial battles it needed to win in government. With the right political leadership, the new Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy could be capable of the kind of policies that people mean when they talk about joined-up government (although the Treasury will have views about that).
The Paris climate summit commitment to cut carbon emissions far enough and fast enough to hold the rise in global temperatures below a maximum of 2C is helping to expand the market in renewables, not least by collapsing the appetite for investment in fossil fuels.
Europe has doubled its power generation from green sources; in the UK it has almost quadrupled. Last year, it accounted for more than a quarter of power. But George Osborne's attack on "green crap", along with the eurozone crisis, hit investment hard.
China and the US are the big new forces in green energy production. So this is the challenge: we need nuclear to keep the lights on. But not from Hinkley C. Instead, redirect the £30bn of subsidies into making the UK a good place for green investment again.

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Climate Change: Netherlands On Brink Of Banning Sale Of Petrol-Fuelled Cars

The IndependentJess Staufenberg

'We need to phase out CO2 emissions and we need to change our pattern of using fossil fuels if we want to save the Earth,' says a Dutch Labour Party member
An electric Tesla car recharges on the banks of a canal in Amsterdam. The Netherlands saw an all-time high in electric cars in December this year Rex Features
Europe appears poised to continue its move towards cutting fossil fuel use as the Netherlands joins a host of nations looking to pass innovative green energy laws.
The Dutch government has set a date for parliament to host a roundtable discussion that could see the sale of petrol- and diesel-fuelled cars banned by 2025.
If the measures proposed by the Labour Party in March are finally passed, it would join Norway and Denmark in making a concerted move to develop its electric car industry.
It comes after Germany saw all of its power supplied by renewable energies such as solar and wind power on one day in May as the economic powerhouse continues to phase out nuclear energy and fossil fuels.
And outside Europe, both India and China have demanded that citizens use their cars on alternate days only to reduce the exhaust fume production which is causing serious health problems for the populations of both nations.
The consensus-oriented parties of the Netherlands are set to consider a total ban on petrol and diesel cars in a debate on 13 October.
Richard Smokers, principle adviser in sustainable transport at the Dutch renewable technology company TNO, said the Dutch government was committed to meeting the Paris climate change agreement to reduce greenhouse emissions to 80 per cent less than the 1990 level. The plan requires the majority of passenger cars to be run on CO2-free energy by 2050.
"Dutch cities still have some problems to meet existing EU air quality standards and have formulated ambitions to improve air quality beyond these standards," he told The Independent, adding that the government had at the same time been reluctant to implement strict policies on the environment.
"The current government embraces long term targets and strives at meeting EU requirements, but is hesistant about proposing 'strong' policy measures.
"Instead it prefers to facilitate and stimulate initiatives from stakeholders in society."
If the law to ban the sale of new fossil-fuel cars by 2025 passes, a significant move will have been made towards phasing out all petrol and diesel cars by 2035, added Dr Smokers.
Climate change protests around the world: Photo Gallery
His words come after Jan Vos, a member of the country's Labour Party, hailed the success of the proposed ban in passing through the Netherland's lower parliament.
"We need to phase out CO2 emissions and we need to change our pattern of using fossil fuels if we want to save the Earth," he told media site Yale Climate Connections. He added that electric cars needed to be affordable.
"Transportation with your own car shouldn't be something that only rich people can afford."
But a spokesperson for the Netherland's Department for Climate, Air and Energy said the law was not guaranteed to pass after discussions are resumed in October.
"The proposal is being considered, but there is still opposition to it," they told The Independent.
According to Quartz, sales of electric cars have surged in the Netherlands with an all-time high last December. Meanwhile, the country has one of the lowest levels of CO2 emissions from new cars in the European Union.
Elsewhere in Europe, Norway has hit its target of selling 50,000 electric cars three years ahead of its own target, in part owing to strong financial incentives to purchase the more environmentally friendly model.
Electric vehicles have been exempted from VAT and purchase tax, which would otherwise add 50 per cent to the cost of the vehicle, under new Norwegian laws.
Denmark, meanwhile, produced so much electricity from wind power in July last year that it was able to sell its excess to Germany, Norway and Sweden.
In India, Delhi was dubbed the equivalent of "living in a gas chamber" by its chief minister Arvind Kejriwal. Similar criticism has been levelled at major Chinese cities, with Beijing set to double the number of air monitoring stations to assess the city's air quality.
Meanwhile in the UK, Theresa May has closed the Department for Energy and Climate Change and merged it into a new Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.
One point of concern for the Netherlands will be ensuring the current design of electric cars can be adequately scaled-up for densely populated urban environments, warned Dr Smokers.
"I think that living labs and other large scale experiments in the coming two decades will be needed to find out how we can tackle this challenge," he said.

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Plan B For Climate Change: Tassie Scientists Looking At What To Do If The Worst Happens

ABC News HobartCarol Rääbus

Professor Philip Boyd is looking at alternative interventions to manage climate change. (936 ABC Hobart: Danica Scolyer)
Fertilising the oceans, painting the deserts white or sending umbrellas into orbit are some of the real things being explored by scientists as a "plan B" for dealing with climate change.
Professor Philip Boyd at the University of Tasmania's Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) said scientists must look at all sorts of potential ways of cooling the planet.
"That's what people are beginning to talk about given the lack of momentum [on preventing climate change]," he told Helen Shield on 936 ABC Hobart.
"Things are still changing at a very rapid rate, things are melting at a rapid rate ... it really is something we need to concentrate our minds on, some alternatives — whether we use them or not."

Fertilising the oceans to fix anaemic plankton
One option Professor Boyd has been looking into is adding iron to the ocean to counteract low levels in phytoplankton.
A higher level of iron in plankton increases their growth which could be advantageous as plankton have been shown to absorb and store carbon dioxide, taking it out of the atmosphere.
Should we add iron to the oceans to help anaemic plankton? (CNRS/Tara Expitions: Christian Sardet)
He said current low iron levels in phytoplankton were in part caused by a diminishing lack of dust in the atmosphere.
"Dust has a lot of iron in it so it actually got rid of the anaemia problem for these plankton," he said.
"[In the past] plankton [stored] more carbon and that sort of scrubbed more carbon out of the atmosphere.
"Should we fertilise the ocean, should we nourish it, should we play with it?"We've done that with the land for thousands of years, why not the oceans?"

Each change has an effect
Other options to counteract warming being explored include ways of reflecting sunlight back into space.
"So people have discussed can we make the clouds brighter? Should we paint the deserts white," Professor Boyd said.
"Even should we have these giant umbrellas in space that we can open up like a shutter and reflect more sunshine back?"
Could we create brighter clouds to reflect sunlight back into space, helping to cool the planet? (NASA: @astro_reid)
Professor Boyd said coming up with solutions was one thing; he and his colleagues also had to work out the potential flow-on effects from human interventions.
"The Earth is pretty much all wired up together," he said.
"The oceans, the atmosphere, the land are all interconnected.
"If you tinker with one thing it'll probably come back and bite you, so you really need to know where these connections are."Professor Boyd said, for example, they know that a large volcanic eruption in the Philippines cooled the climate but caused a drought in India.
"If we got some of these things wrong it could have a more detrimental effect than beneficial," he said.
"It's something we have to look at.
"We do know that what often seem like very simple and very commonsense solutions at the time can come back and have unexpected consequences."

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