The Conversation - Chloe Lucas | Adam Corner | Aidan Davison | Peat Leith
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It can be tempting to point fingers, but people with other priorities aren’t necessarily bad.
AAP Image/Darren England |
So much for Australia’s “
climate election”. In the event, voters in last month’s federal poll didn’t put climate policy at the top of their wish list.
Contrary to opinion polls predicting a groundswell of support for
Labor’s relatively progressive agenda on climate and economics, the
election results revealed that
Australians are more divided on climate change than we thought.
Voters for progressive climate policy were dismayed at the re-election of a prime minister who
famously brought a lump of coal into Parliament.
Perhaps understandably, one of the immediate responses among these
progressive voters was to express anger at those who don’t share their
concern.
But anger feeds a divisive politics that cannot help us to address our big collective challenges. By retreating into
social media echo chambers where mockery and disrespect are the norm, we risk losing entirely the social cohesion and trust needed for democracy to work.
A whole-of-society discussion about our collective future is urgently
needed. Now is the time to reinvent how we communicate about climate
change, particularly with those who don’t see it as an urgent concern.
Here’s how.
Addressing the ‘climate-unconcerned’
Contrary to the assumption that unconcern about climate change is evidence of selfishness or politically motivated denial, our
research shows that people who resist climate concern are just as likely to be caring, ethical and socially minded as anyone else.
While there is a small minority of people who actively campaign
against climate action, within society at large, those who are simply
unconcerned about the climate crisis encompass a broad range of
political views and levels of political engagement.
Far from being prejudiced, unreasonable, apathetic or ignorant, our studies in
Australia and
the UK
show that many people who are unconcerned about the climate
nevertheless care about issues including justice, the common good, and
the health of ecosystems.
Belonging to a social group that doesn’t have its own narratives of
climate concern is one of the most common reasons for unconcern. People
who are unconcerned about climate change often see it as a “greenie”
issue. If they identify themselves as opposed to green politics, they
are unlikely to prioritise calls for climate action.
The
rural/city divide
also plays a key part in polarising narratives of climate action, as
regional and outer-urban Australians, who are more likely to be
economically dependent on natural resources, feel ignored and devalued
by policies designed to appeal to capital city electorates. If we want
to break down polarisation on climate change, we need to understand what
matters to rural and conservative social groups.
Bridging the divide
Our findings suggest a set of principles for engaging with people who are unconcerned about climate change:
- Respect difference
Don’t assume that being
unconcerned about climate change is a moral failing. People have other
active concerns that are no less valid.
- Listen
Build relationships with people who have
different life experiences to your own, by asking what is important to
them. Appreciate that some people may find social change more
threatening and immediate than climate change. Empathising with this
feeling can foster understanding of the core concerns that underpin
resistance to change, and potentially help identify ways to address
these concerns.
- Value values
Avoid arguments based on appeals to the authority of science,
or the consensus of expert opinion. “Debating the science” is a red
herring – people’s responses to claims about climate change are
motivated primarily by what they value, and the narratives of their
social group, not their acceptance of scientific fact. Focus on values
you might have in common, rather than getting caught up in disputes over
facts.
- Move beyond Left and Right
Don’t conflate
political ideology with stance on climate. Showing that climate is not a
defining issue for social groups is really important to avoid
polarisation. We need to work against the idea that action on climate is
an exclusively left-wing or “greenie” agenda.
Adopting these principles can help to build a political culture
around climate science and policy that responds to the different
priorities of Australians, all of whom are simply seeking a safe and
secure future. This approach recognises that no action on climate change
is possible without public trust and involvement in democratic
institutions.
What can we learn from the UK?
Australia’s parliamentary system and media environment have much in
common with that of the UK. Although the UK has not been immune to
political divisions on climate change, with levels of concern typically
higher on the political left than on the right, Britain has maintained a bipartisan approach.
With the help of intiatives supporting a
pluralistic approach to climate policy discussions, the UK
Climate Change Act passed into law in 2008 with almost unanimous cross-party support.
Research in the UK has provided an
evidence-based set of language and narratives
to use when discussing climate change. This is focused on core socially
conservative values such as maintaining the status quo (protecting it
from a changing climate), avoiding waste (of household energy), and
investing in secure (renewable) energy. There is also a push to
reinvigorate democratic debate through
citizens’ assemblies on climate change.
Now is the time for Australians to listen to each other, and develop a
pluralistic approach to discussions on our shared future. The
alternative is to sink deeper into partisan hostility and recrimination.
And after a decade of division on climate policy, is that really the
best way forward?
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