29/12/2021

Kids Care About Climate Change With Colorful Drawings

Treehugger - Mary Jo DiLonardo

A gigantic banner helps spread the message globally.

Kids Care About Climate Change initiative

There’s a giant banner traveling the world, spreading the message about how kids care about climate change. The banner is a colorful patchwork of more than 2,600 drawings made by children from 33 countries.

The drawings were entries in an international drawing contest where kids were asked to depict how trees help cool the Earth and how this helps protect penguins, coral reefs, and people. A tree has been planted for every drawing entered in the "Kids Care About Climate Change" contest.

The banner is a whopping 23 feet high by 14 feet wide (7 meters by 4.2 meters) and was recently on display at the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) in Glasgow, Scotland.

The competition was created by Marji Puotinen, a geographer and research scientist in Perth, Australia, who studies the impact of natural disturbances like hurricanes on the world’s coral reefs. She’s part of the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program that is working to help the Great Barrier Reef survive with short-term interventions while the world is reducing carbon emissions.

Perhaps even more important than the above is that I am a mother of three kids who deserve a safe planet on which to grow up and live. Therefore, the drawing contest that produced the GIANT banners is part of what I do unpaid in my spare time, involving my own kids as much as possible,” Puotinen tells Treehugger.

Kids Care About Climate Change initiative

As part of Homeward Bound, an international leadership program for women, she devoted even more time to kids and climate.

“I created an outreach program about climate change that asks kids to be a scientist for a day and discover the answer to a crazy question: What do penguins and coral reefs have in common?

"It uses immersive fun and art to understand why climate change is a crisis – such as touching coral skeletons, feeding like coral polyps, getting overheated in a penguin huddle, making Marji the coral polyp bleach in a costume and making corals out of playdough and LEGO.”

In 2018, for the first version of the Kids Care About Climate Change drawing contest, she created a giant banner and filmed it in a penguin colony along the Antarctic Peninsula.

Kids Care About Climate Change initiative

This time around, Puotinen offered kids a video that explains how trees remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, why this helps cool the Earth, and why penguins and coral reefs are threatened by warming seas.

“We wanted to provide an easy pathway to empower kids to work together with each other and adults to build a safer, cleaner, greener, more prosperous future for all,” she says.

She visited schools in person in Perth and virtually in Indonesia and China and contacted every school she has ever worked with and every teacher she knew in several countries. She emailed hundreds of schools and did podcasts, radio interviews, and sent messages to everyone she could think of to spread the word about the contest.

The competition eventually received 2,629 entries from 33 nations and 213 schools, as well as a few homeschoolers. They came from every continent except Antarctica.1

“The home country of the artist made a huge difference to how kids interpreted the theme,” Puotinen says. “Kids in Mozambique, for example, did drawings that focussed on how trees make the essentials of life possible, while kids from Australia focused on the fun activities they can do in and around trees.”

An Enormous Message


At St. Mary's Anglican Girls' School in Perth. Marji Puotinen

Puotinen printed two identical banners so that one could be sent around the world and one could tour Australia with her.

“Due to their enormous size, the banners had to be printed in 5 sections each, and then painstakingly and robustly sewn together by my husband on an industrial sewing machine. Each banner took him 10 hours to construct,” she says.

The lightweight banners include handles all along the edge.

“This makes the banners very robust to rough handling by enthusiastic children (who love to use the banner to play the ‘parachute game’) as well as hanging it over rainforests where it can get buffeted by the wind,” she says. “The handles also mean that you can hang it, march with it, and peg it to the ground when it is windy.”

Kids Care About Climate Change initiative

The banner has visited schools and colleges in Australia, as well as a mangrove forest and national park. It was on display at COP26 and plans are tentative for it to visit Malaysia, Brunei, and Singapore, where so many entries came from.

“The goal of displaying and filming the giant banner is to amplify the voices of the kids as expressed by their drawings, to show them how one drawing they do may not be noticed but by joining together with other kids around the world, a greater impact can result,” Puotinen says.

“It is also to inspire and empower the adults around these kids, who might struggle to find a way to act on climate on their own but find it easier and more fulfilling to do so in cooperation with their children.

"Within this goal, we especially wanted to bring the giant banner to COP26 to remind delegates and world leaders of their obligation to achieve results for climate justice for kids and people around the world that did little to cause the climate crisis yet are being affected the most.”

Planting Trees


Kids Care About Climate Change initiative

Puotinen teamed up with an Australian tree-planting organization called 15 Trees to plant a tree for every drawing. The group organized community groups to plant more than 50 different types of native Australian trees in two locations.

“We hope this inspires kids to join tree planting efforts in their local communities,” she says “Such as 10 kids from Pakistan did as part of producing their drawings – they voted and made a pact to each plant a tree and care for it. And two more kids from Africa challenged themselves to plant a tree for each ‘like’ their drawings received via social media.”

Puotinen says she feels that the contest and gigantic banner have helped raise awareness and discussion about climate change.

I learned from the first contest that people are often very concerned about the climate crisis, but they feel overwhelmed and doubt that anything they can do can matter,” she says.

“We aim to show them how good it feels to reach out in community to other people around the world to work together to make their voices heard through art. In short, we aim to provide a pathway to action for kids and the adults who love them.”

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(NEWS.com.au) Climate Crisis Puts Oil In The Crosshairs, But Dependence Persists

NEWS.com.auAFP

Reducing the dependence of the global economy on oil is a colossal task

Reducing the dependence of the global economy on oil is a colossal task

The climate crisis has put the end of oil onto the agenda, but achieving that is a colossal task given the world economy's deep dependence on petroleum.

"In 2021, several developments showed clearly that (the petroleum) industry doesn't have a future," said Romain Ioualalen at the activist group Oil Change International.

The call was a revolution for an agency created in the wake of the first 1970 oil shock to protect the energy security of rich, oil-consuming nations.

"It is no longer taboo to talk about the end of the extraction of hydrocarbons during international climate summits," said Oil Change International's Ioualalen.

More recently, environmental defenders scored a symbolic victory when oil giant Shell decided to exit the development of the controversial Cambo oil field off Scotland saying the investment case was "not strong enough". 

"We've known for several years that the end of crude oil ... is near," said Moez Ajmi, an energy specialist at professional services firm EY.

The IEA also believes that oil demand is still set to rise. It expects it to reach its pre-pandemic level of just under 100 million barrels per day next year.

"Any talk of the oil and gas industries being consigned to the past and halting new investments in oil and gas is misguided," OPEC leader Mohammed Barkindo said recently.

He believes the issue is being approached from the wrong end. Instead of focussing on reducing oil, attention should be shifted towards consumption.

In the first half of the year, electric vehicles accounted for 7 percent of global auto sales, according to BloombergNEF. While that is still a small percentage, it is growing fast. 

Oil Change International's Ioualalen said that arguments put forward by oil companies and producing nations are cynical and focus on the short term.

"We're still far from a decarbonised economy, of course, but it is the energy system investments that are made today that will lead us there," said Ioualalen.

US oil majors ExxonMobil and Chevron were long holdouts but finally announced this year investments into the energy transition.

"It's clear that sitting on the decarbonisation sidelines isn't an option" given the increasing pressure on the oil industry.

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(AU ABC News) Why WA's South-West Is Drying Out At One Of The Worst Rates In The World

ABC News - Tyne Logan

Rainfall has declined significantly in the last 50 years over WA's south-west.

Key Points
  • The south-west of WA has experienced sharp rainfall decline
  • Climatologists say greenhouse gases are largely to blame
  • They say the structure of the atmosphere has changed
As parts of Western Australia are tipped for another scorching hot summer, climate change is leaving a worrying footprint on the south-west of the state.

Experts agree the region is drying out at a globally significant rate.

It was one of the first places on the planet to see a trend of rainfall reduction, and the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report pinpoints it as one of the few regions in the world where the bulk of models agree drying will continue

So what's going on?

Since the late 60s, rainfall in the region has declined by up to 20 per cent overall.

Figures show in recent decades, the downward trend has gained momentum.

A decile map shows where April-October rainfall is above average, average or below average for the last 20 years, in comparison with the entire rainfall record from 1900. (Supplied)

According to Bureau of Meteorology’s (BOM) Pandora Hope, who has been researching south-west WA for the last two decades, it ultimately comes down to two factors.

The cold fronts and lows that cross the region during the cool months of the year, bringing rainfall and storms, are getting fewer and weaker.

High pressure systems, which help suppress the development of rain systems and create warm, sunny days, are getting stronger and more frequent.

Puddles are drying out in WA, with spring bringing lots of sunshine. (Supplied: Jackie Grylls)

Dr Hope said it was a pattern happening right across the subtropics of the southern hemisphere.

But she said it was particularly problematic for south-west WA because the winter cold fronts and lows were the primary source of rainfall.

“The fact is it’s a region where you really only get rainfall from one direction, one source,” she said.

“If we have a regional shift in where the rain falls, that will have a big impact on this small region of a big continent.”

Why are the weather systems changing?

To better understand what’s behind the changes, Dr Hope said you had to look above the surface and into the way the Earth circulated its air around the globe.

These circulation patterns bring us our daily weather patterns.

For southern Australia, a big part of it is a pattern known as the Hadley Cell.

The tilt and rotation of the Earth relative to the sun cause huge global circulations that mean there is often a subtropical ridge of high pressure over Australia with lows and westerly winds to the south. (ABC Weather: Kate Doyle)

Warm air rises at the equator, spreads southwards across the upper levels of the atmosphere and then descends as cool, dry air at about 30-40 degrees latitude.

The descending air creates a general belt of high pressure systems for the area beneath it.

In summer, this belt tends to sit over southern Australia, making it a hard task for rain systems like cold fronts to break through and reach south-west WA.

In the winter, it migrates north, extending over central parts of Australia and allowing rain-bearing systems like lows and cold fronts, to sweep over the South West.

In a normal summer the subtropical ridge and westerlies move south and in a normal winter they move north. (ABC Weather: Kate Doyle)

But Dr Hope said heating caused by greenhouse gases had been tinkering with the delicate way air flows around the atmosphere.

"So with greenhouse gases we know you introduce them into the atmosphere and you increase the global temperatures," she said.
"But it also changes patterns of circulation simply by warming some parts of the atmosphere more than others."
Dr Hope said one of those changes was the downward branch of the Hadley Cell had been intensifying in recent years, and had also been expanding toward the poles.

This meant the high pressure systems were stronger, and also had an influence for longer, allowing them to dominate the weather pattern.

At the same time, circulation patterns to the south of Australia, which are linked to the growth of winter cold fronts and lows, were becoming weaker.

That meant fewer rain-bearing systems, with each delivering less rain.

Pandora Hope has been researching south-west WA's climate for decades. (Supplied: BOM)

Dr Hope said greenhouse gases had also created a generally "more stable" atmosphere over south-west WA.

A stable atmosphere relates to the vertical temperature profile of the atmosphere.

Like a hot air balloon, if the air parcel being lifted is warmer than its surrounding air — known as an unstable atmosphere — it will rise easily and is able to form rain clouds.

But if the air aloft is also warm — known as a stable atmosphere — it has the tendency to sink back down and will struggle to form clouds.
“So the whole structure of the atmosphere is different,” Dr Hope said.
"It's more difficult for the storms to really build to be quiet large so they don't bring as much rainfall as they they might have once."

Significant impact on south-west

Murdoch University atmospheric scientist Jatin Kala said the particularly unique thing about south-west WA, was the clear sign the drying trend would continue.

It's feared species endemic to WA's south-west are being threatened by the drying climate. (Supplied A.T Morphet)

“With the latest climate projections from the IPCC, the one region in the world where most of the models agree on the changing precipitation in terms of magnitude and sign of the change, is south-west WA,” he said.

He said the projection was concerning for the region's eco-systems.

Already, the WA Water Corporation estimates the 20 per cent rainfall reduction had compounded to an 80 per cent reduction in streamflow.
“A hotter climate means you have more evaporation, drier soils soak up more waters and also trees need to use more water when it’s dry,” Dr Kala said.
“So there’s a whole range of factors that make the reduction in streamflow many magnitudes higher than the reduction in rainfall.”

How do researchers know it’s caused by greenhouse gases?

Research shows the changing patterns can not be entirely pinned on greenhouse gases.

But Dr Hope said it was a big and crucial part of the story, which was clear when you looked at the climate models.

“So if you force climate models with just natural variability, like the solar cycle and the volcanic eruptions, you simply don’t see the rainfall decline that we’ve experienced over the last 50 years,” she said.

“And then when you do add greenhouses gases, all the climate models agree that you do get a loss of that rainfall.”

To put it simply, the puzzle just doesn’t piece together without greenhouses gases in the mix.

Add them, and all of a sudden the picture falls into place.

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